THE NEIGHBORHOOD SOCIAL DISTANCING TO PREVENT
COVID-19 IN RED ZONE OF SOUTH TANGERANG CITY IN INDONESIA
Adie Erar Yusuf1, Ahmad Junaedi Abas2
Universitas Bina Nusantara, Jakarta1
Universitas Podomoro, Jakarta2
Email:
[email protected], [email protected]
|
KEYWORDS Covid-19, Neighborhood, Social Distancing |
ABSTRACT Covid-19 pandemic has caused deaths and
affected the lives of humankind in the world. The Indonesian government has
taken numerous measures to respond to the Covid-19 outbreak through social
distancing policy called Large Scale Social Restriction. The Task Force for
the Acceleration of Covids-19 in the Sub-District Level, Village Level, and
Community Unit Level and Neighborhood Unit in the regions is socializing
Covid-19 prevention and breaking transmission chain. The main aim of this
study was to mapping neighborhood health conditions to prevent and control on
Covid-19. In this online survey, a self‐designed questionnaire was
distributed among neighborhood unit of urban village in South Tangerang City,
Banten, Indonesia. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic shows that
residents in the neighborhood are generally in good health conditions. Some
residents suffer from chronic diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart,
diabetes, gastric ulcer, and several pregnant woman. The study concludes the
importance of resident�s neighborhood solidarity and mutual cooperation by
showing discipline and complying with health protocols such as social
distancing, and physical distancing as well as maintaining good hygiene |
INTRODUCTION
The corona virus pandemic has caused deaths and
affected the lives of billions of people throughout the world. corona virus
outbreak has hit 215 countries in the world. By May 2020 in Indonesia, corona
virus has hit 392 Districts and Cities in 34 Provinces, and recorded the
highest new Covid-19 cases with 973 positive patients, with totally 20,162
confirmed cases, 1,278 died and 4,838 declared cured (BNPB, 2020).� The Indonesian government has taken numerous
measures to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. n order to handling the Corona
virus outbreak, the government has chosen social distancing or physical
distancing so called Large Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) instead of Lockdown
and Local Quarantine (Bakhtiar & Sunarka, 2016). Ministry of Health Regulation No. 9 of 2020
concerning Large Scale Social Restrictions in the Context of Handling Corona
Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) as Guidelines for the Acceleration of Handling of
Covid-19 including restriction on certain activities of residents in an area
suspected of being infected with Covid-19 in such a way as to prevent the
possibility of spreading Covid-19. The spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia is
increasing and expanding across the regions and across countries accompanied by
the number of cases and or number of deaths. This increase has an impact on the
political, economic, social, cultural, defence and security aspects as well as
the welfare of the people. Therefore, it is necessary to accelerate the
handling of Covid-19 in the form of Large Scale Social Restrictions in order to
reduce the widespread of Covid-19. These actions included restrictions on
certain activities of the population in an area suspected of being infected
with Covid-19 including restriction on the movement of the people and or goods
and services for particular province or district or city to prevent the spread
of Covid-19. In the government regulation, Large Scale Social Restriction at
least include the consolation of schools and workplace, restrictions on
religious activities and or restriction in public and facilities. The
limitation of certain activities is limiting the gathering of large numbers of
people at a particular location. The implementation of Large Scale Social
Restrictions is carried out during the longest incubation period of 14 days. If
there is still evidence of the spread of a new case, it can be extended within
14 days of the discovery of the last case (Nanotkar, Dhanvij, & Joshi, 2020).
South Tangerang City have agreed on the
implementation of Social Distancing so called Large Scale Social Restriction by
April 18, 2020 and extended to May 2, 2020. South Tangerang City Decree No.
338/Kep.137-Huk/2020 stipulated that 1) Extension of Enforcement of the
implementation of Large Scale Social Restriction in the context of handling
Covid-19 starting from May 2, 2020 up to the time limit specified in the Banten
Governor�s Degree on extension of Large Scale Social Limitation in South
Tangerang City Order to Accelerate the management of Covid-19, 2) Communities
domiciled/residing and/or carrying out activities in the South Tangerang City
region must comply with the provisions of implementing Large Scale Social
Restriction in accordance with statutory provisions and consistently applying
the Covid-19 prevention health protocol, 3) The implementation of Large Scale
Social Restriction as referred to the extension can be extended based on the
recommendations of the Task Force for Acceleration of Covid-19 at South
Tangerang City (Fofana, 2021). �
South Tangerang Mayor Instruction, No:443/1051/Huk,
concerning, the Task Force for the Acceleration of Covid-19 in the Sub-District
Level, Village Level, and Community Unit Level. First, To invite all
administrators in the neighborhood, neighborhood and community elements in
their regions to help socializing Covid-19 prevention and transmission with the
target of breaking the Covid-19 transmission chain. Second, informing relevant
parties if there are residents in the area who experience symptoms of Covid-19
through telephone numbers 112 and 119 (Hedayati-Marzbali, Maghsoodi Tilaki,
& Abdullah, 2017). Meanwhile, the Urban Village Head were instructed
to form a task force for the acceleration of Covid-19 at the urban village
level, consisting of the urban village apparatus, the neighborhood unit, and
elements of the community in their area. Coordinate with the residents and
neighborhood unit to form a task force for the acceleration of handling of
Covid-19 at the level of community pillars consisting of neighborhood units,
neighborhood units, and community elements. Following to the South Tangerang
Mayor's instructions, Neighborhood and Community Unit Head stipulate decision
No. 3/Kep./VV-RW014 Serua / 2020 concerning the establishment of Covid-19 Task
Force to map citizens health data and determine strategic steps to prevent and
control the spread of Covid-19. The Task Force also responsible to collect data
on the health of residents and report to the task force in the urban village to
be followed up (Milne & Xie, 2020). The scope of
work of the task force is to monitor residents who have ODP (Person under
monitoring) and PDP (Patients under supervision) status and are positive at
Covid-19, report ODP that does not have an independent quarantine room, record
residents with suspect Covid-19 positive status that need to be assisted, and
ensure citizens of their respective territories comply with social or physical
distancing rules (Kemenkes, 2020).
The purpose of this study is to identify the health
conditions of residents, especially neighborhood amid the Covid-19 outbreak,
mapping demographic data and disease symptom data due to the corona virus
outbreak, and developing citizen's health database for prevention and control
as well as anticipating the spread of the Covid-19 (Alonge et al., 2019).
Actually
this virus is not included in the danger category when looking at death rates
far below SARS and MERS. The community does not need to panic, but the
community must continue to do joint prevention with the government and obey all
policies made in the face of national disasters (Caley, Philp, & McCracken, 2018). Efforts to reduce the spread and death rates caused by this
virus are through prevention movements by every citizen, efforts by health
workers and through existing law enforcement mechanisms. By January 2020, the
World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel corona virus was the
cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan, Hubei, China,
which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.� WHO defined corona viruses as a large family
of viruses which may cause illness in animals or humans.� In humans, several corona viruses are known
to cause respiratory infections ranging from the common cold to more severe
diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) (Prem et al., 2020). The most recently discovered corona virus causes
corona virus disease COVID-19. According to WHO, the most common symptoms of
COVID-19 are fever, dry cough, and tiredness. Other symptoms that are less
common and may affect some patients include aches and pains, nasal congestion,
headache, conjunctivitis, sore throat, diarrhea, loss of taste or smell or a
rash on skin or discoloration of fingers or toes. These symptoms are usually
mild and begin gradually. Some people become infected but only have very mild
symptoms (Organization, 2019).
(Organization,
2019) stated that corona viruses
are a large family of viruses which may cause illness in animals or
humans.� In humans, several corona
viruses are known to cause respiratory infections ranging from the common cold
to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The most recently discovered corona
virus causes corona virus disease COVID-19. COVID-19 is the infectious disease
caused by the most recently discovered corona virus. This new virus and disease
were unknown before the outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.
COVID-19 is now a pandemic affecting many countries globally.
(Organization, 2019) described the symptom of
Covid-19 as fever, dry cough, and tiredness. Other symptoms that are less
common and may affect some patients include aches and pains, nasal congestion,
headache, conjunctivitis, sore throat, diarrhea, loss of taste or smell or a
rash on skin or discoloration of fingers or toes. These symptoms are usually
mild and begin gradually. Some people become infected but only have very mild
symptoms. Most people (about 80%) recover from the disease without needing
hospital treatment. Around 1 out of every 5 people who gets COVID-19 becomes
seriously ill and develops difficulty breathing. Older people, and those with
underlying medical problems like high blood pressure, heart and lung problems,
diabetes, or cancer, are at higher risk of developing serious illness (Suppawittaya, Yiemphat, & Yasri,
2020).
However, anyone can catch COVID-19 and become seriously ill.� People of all ages who experience fever
and/or cough associated with difficulty breathing/shortness of breath, chest
pain/pressure, or loss of speech or movement should seek medical attention
immediately. If possible, it is recommended to call the health care provider or
facility first, so the patient can be directed to the right clinic (Unhale et al., 2020).
Unhale
and colleague (2020) introduced that corona viruses make up a large family of
viruses that can infect birds and mammals, including humans, according to world
health organisation (WHO). These viruses have been responsible for several
outbreaks around the world, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS) pandemic of 2002-2003 and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
outbreak in South Korea in 2015. Most recently, a novel corona virus
(SARS-CoV-2, also known as COVID-19) triggered an outbreak in China in December
2019, sparking international concern. While some corona viruses have caused
devastating epidemics, others cause mild to moderate respiratory infections,
like the common cold.
(Gennaro et al., 2020) assured that there are no
specific clinical features that can yet reliably distinguish COVID-19 from
other viral respiratory infections. Other, less common symptoms have included
headaches, sore throat, and rhinorrhea. In addition to respiratory symptoms,
gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea and diarrhea) have also been reported,
and in some patients they may be the presenting complaint. Respiratory droplet
transmission is the main route and it can also be transmitted through
person-to-person contacts by asymptomatic carriers. Main COVID-19-associated
symptoms are Fever, Cough, Dyspnea, Headache, Sore throat, Rhinorrhea.
Interestingly, the WHO (2020) issued detailed guidelines including: (1)
Regularly and thoroughly clean your hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or
wash them with soap and water; (2) Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth; (3)
Practice respiratory hygiene covering your mouth and nose with your bent elbow
or tissue when you cough or sneeze; (4) If you have fever, cough and difficulty
breathing, seek medical care early; (5) Stay informed and follow advice given
by your healthcare provider; (6) Maintain at least 1 m (3 feet) distance
between yourself and anyone who is coughing or sneezing. In particular,
regarding the use of face mask, health care workers are recommended to use
particulate respirators such as those certified N95 or Filtering Face Piece 2
(FFP2) when performing aerosol-generating procedures and to use medical masks
while providing any care to suspected or confirmed cases. Moreover, while an
individual without respiratory symptoms is not required to wear a medical mask
when in public, people with respiratory symptoms are advised to use medical
masks both in health care and home care settings. COVID-19 prevention measures,
including to use face masks, To cover coughs and sneezes, To wash hands
regularly, To avoid contact with infected people, To maintain an appropriate
distance from people, To refrain from touching eyes, nose, and mouth, In case
of symptoms, seek medical care early, To follow advice given by your healthcare
provider
(Organization, 2019) protocol on how to protect
from Covid-19 by taking some simple precautions: Regularly and thoroughly clean
your hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water.
Why? Washing your hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rub
kills viruses that may be on your hands. Maintain at least a meter distance
between yourself and others. Why? When someone coughs, sneezes, or speaks they
spray small liquid droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain virus.
If you are too close, you can breathe in the droplets, including the COVID-19
virus if the person has the disease. Avoid going to crowded places. Why? Where
people come together in crowds, you are more likely to come into close contact
with someone that has COIVD-19 and it is more difficult to maintain physical
distance of 1 meter. Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth.� Once contaminated, hands can transfer the
virus to your eyes, nose or mouth. From there, the virus can enter your body
and infect you. Stay home and self-isolate even with minor symptoms such as
cough, headache, mild fever, until you recover (Wilkerson, Carlson, Yen, & Michael,
2012).
Global
Health NOW (2020) stated that corona viruses are typically transmitted from
person to person through exhalation of respiratory droplets (from the nose and
mouth) and close contact. People can contract COVID-19 if they breathe in
droplets from an infected person who coughs or exhales droplets. Those droplets
can also land on objects and surfaces, and people can then catch the virus from
touching those surfaces and then touching their eyes, nose, or mouth.
Neighborhood
Wilkerson,
Carlson, Yen, and Michael defined neighbourliness as a specific form of social
support that benefits individuals and is a component of psychological sense of
community, �a feeling that members have of belonging, a feeling that members
matter to one another and to the group, and a shared faith that members� needs
will be met through their commitment to be together�. And sense of community is
associated with individual well-being. O. (Alonge et al., 2019)
stated the important role of community resilience particularly in the
neighborhood to addresses health shocks by facilitating collective actions
within communities, and effectively targeting resources and response
initiatives from other levels of the health system to the community. Where
funder-led short-term initiatives dominate recovery efforts, the role of
community resilience becomes more important particularly in contexts with weak
infrastructure and capacity to coordinate response. Efforts to systematically
build social capital and responsible leadership at the community level,
including those that strengthen bond among groups in communities and trust
among various actors, are needed to address health shocks in future. (Hedayati-Marzbali et al., 2017) proposed
the significant contribution of perceived cohesion and neighborhood types to
residents� perceptions of safety is increasingly recognised. The behavioural
opportunities provided by the environment is a consistent theme in theories
developed to address environmental psychology.
Evidence
suggests that although gated communities are used as a rational response to
rising crime and delinquent behaviours, knowledge is minimal in terms of the
extent to which residing in gated communities actually reduces people�s risk of
being victims and their risk perceptions.
(Marzuki et al., 2021) stated that Ministry oh
Home Affair revealed the role� of the
urban village administrator of Neighborhood Association (RT/RW) in the fight
against corona virus, are 1) the delivery of information on prevention and
control of Covid-19 to the entire population by using various communication
channels available in each village area, 2) facilitating and encouraging RT/RW
leader, health cadres and community based social institutions to actively carry
out various efforts to prevent Covid-19 transmission, 3) to encourage the
readiness and participation of the community to carry out personal hygiene� and house cleaning efforts as part of the
realization of the Healthy Living Community Movement, 4) to encourage� and supervise the community in implementing
restrictions on physical contact at various existing facilities such as in
crowded places, local/village markets, places of worship, sport facilities and
recreational facilities, 5)� use the
village fund to provide support to the people affected by Covid-19 both as
sufferers and other socio-economic consequences, 6) report to the Regional
Government regarding matters deemed necessary if there are things that are
considered to potentially increase Covid-19 transmission. (Beritasatu.com March
26, 2020)
Social Distancing
WHO
(2020) defined Quarantine, Isolation and Physical distancing as follows:
Quarantine means restricting activities or separating people who are not ill
themselves but may have been exposed to Covid-19. The goal is to prevent spread
of the disease at the time when people just develop symptoms. Isolation means
separating people who are ill with symptoms of Covid-19 and may be infectious
to prevent the spread of the disease. Physical distancing means being
physically apart. WHO recommends keeping at least 1-metre distance from others.
This is a general measure that everyone should take even if they are well with
no known exposure to Covid-19. Caley, P. Philp, D.J. and McCracken, K (2007,
631-632) stated that infectious diseases are commonly controlled by minimizing
contact between infectious and susceptible individuals. Personal measures to
reduce potentially infectious contacts are sometimes referred to as �social
distancing�. (Mahtani, Heneghan, & Aronson, 2020) argue
that social distancing measures are being mandated, including self-isolation
for anyone with specific symptoms. More social distancing measures are likely
to be introduced, including self-isolation of the over 70s and higher risk
groups, irrespective of symptoms and possibly for several months, to reduce
their risk of virus exposure.
(Suppawittaya et al., 2020)
refer to research that social distancing, also known as physical distancing is
designed to minimize interactions between people living in a wider community, in
which individuals have tendencies to be infectious but have not yet been
identified thus not yet isolated (Mack, 2007). Moreover, it is advised for
individuals to be apart from one another for at least 6 feet. Due to the
disease�s ability to be transmitted by respiratory droplets, a certain level of
people proximity is required. Therefore, social distancing of people to not
gather themselves in such areas will reduce transmission. The important of
social distancing is confirmed by Fahim (2020) that social distancing practices
allows individuals to maintain distances from eachother for a period of time to
ensure the spread of the disease is minimized. This would reduce the basic
reproduction number (R0) of the virus which would minimize the disease spread. (Prem et al., 2020)
identified that is social distancing practices were carried out properly an
estimate of 92% of cases will be lowered by the end of 2020. An individual
affected with COVID-19 has the ability to spread it to 2-3 people which will go
on until they are distanced from each other. (Milne & Xie, 2020) study
on the effectiveness of social distancing shows that the highest reduction in
the infection attack rate is achieved by the rapid activation of all available
social distancing interventions, and with the highest rates of compliance. With
an activation delay of up to six weeks from arrival of the first infectious
cases into the modelled community, the continued use of all four social
distancing interventions with 90% workplace non-attendance and a 70% reduction
in community-wide contact resulted in a reduction of the infection rate from
66% to less than 1%. ECDC report (2020) stated The term �social distancing�
refers to efforts that aim, through a variety of means, to decrease or
interrupt transmission of COVID-19 in a population (sub-)group by minimizing
physical contact between potentially infected individuals and healthy
individuals, or between population groups with high rates of transmission and
population groups with no or a low level of transmission. Community-level
social distancing measures are needed in parallel with containment efforts
(e.g. contact tracing) whenever it becomes clear that containment alone is no
longer sufficient as a means of delaying the peak of the epidemic, decreasing the
peak magnitude to protect healthcare capacity, or protecting vulnerable groups
at risk of severe outcomes. Large-scale social restrictions are currently in
place in Indonesia in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The restrictions are
implemented by local governments with the approval of the Ministry of Health.
It includes measures such as closing public places, restricting public
transport, and limiting travel to and from the restricted regions.
RESEARCH METHOD
Methods
of research using survey methods with respondents determined by purposive and
simple random sampling. Data analysis using descriptive statistics, which
summarize data from a sample using indexes such as the mean or standard
deviation. The research location is in urban village of Serua neighborhood unit
04/014 of South Tangerang City, Banten, Indonesia. The object of the research
is the citizens of neighborhood unit 04/014 Bukit Nusa Indah Residence. The
number of neighborhood population about 110 people. The data regarding the
health conditions and neighborhood perceptions was obtained by using online
questionnaires. The online questionnaire consist of items as can be seen in the
Table-1 below:
Table 1 Online Questionnaire
Design
|
No. |
Variable |
Number
of Items |
|
1 |
Demographic |
9 |
|
2 |
Symptoms
of Covid-19 |
3 |
|
3 |
Symptom
of chronic diseases |
3 |
|
4 |
Local
traveling |
2 |
|
5 |
International
traveling |
2 |
|
6 |
Contact
with other people |
9 |
The
online questionnaire was distributed by online on April 13 to 19 April 2020 and
will be redistributed regularly every 14 days. The criteria data obtained for
household conditions, namely, type of work, age group, population status,
education, monthly income
The criteria for the data obtained are for community
perception.� Respondents were determined
by using the probability sampling technique, which provides equal
opportunities. Data were collected using the online questionnaire. Because it
was not feasible to do a community-based sampling survey during the pandemic,
so the data were collected by online questionnaire and distributed to the
household head by WhatsApp
The collected data of online survey was analyzed based
on the respondent of neighborhood unit (04/014) of Bukit Nusa Indah Resident,
Serua urban village, South Tangerang City, Banten Provinces with total 56
respondents.
Table
2 Demographic Data of Neighborhood Unit
|
Respondent |
Gender |
Age |
Marital Status |
Job Status |
|
1 |
Male |
61 |
Married |
Retired |
|
2 |
Male |
63 |
Married |
Entrepreneur |
|
3 |
Male |
36 |
Married |
Employee |
|
4 |
Female |
58 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
5 |
Male |
44 |
Married |
Employee |
|
6 |
Male |
58 |
Married |
Employee |
|
7 |
Male |
59 |
Married |
Lecturer |
|
8 |
Female |
55 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
9 |
Male |
23 |
Not Married |
Employee |
|
10 |
Female |
22 |
Not Married |
Entrepreneur |
|
11 |
Male |
30 |
Married |
Entrepreneur |
|
12 |
Male |
65 |
Married |
Retired |
|
13 |
Male |
41 |
Married |
Government employee |
|
14 |
Male |
59 |
Married |
Retired |
|
15 |
Male |
63 |
Married |
Retired |
|
16 |
Male |
38 |
Married |
Employee |
|
17 |
Female |
59 |
Married |
Government employee |
|
18 |
Female |
52 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
19 |
Female |
58 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
20 |
Female |
20 |
Married |
Student |
|
21 |
Female |
24 |
Married |
Employee |
|
22 |
Male |
28 |
Married |
Employee |
|
23 |
Female |
52 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
24 |
Male |
45 |
Married |
Entrepreneur |
|
25 |
Female |
64 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
26 |
Female |
36 |
Married |
Entrepreneur |
|
27 |
Male |
57 |
Married |
Entrepreneur |
|
28 |
Female |
31 |
Married |
Account Group Head |
|
29 |
Male |
25 |
Married |
Employee |
|
30 |
Male |
25 |
Married |
Employee |
|
31 |
Female |
43 |
Married |
Employee |
|
32 |
Male |
7 |
Not Married |
Student |
|
33 |
Female |
21 |
Not Married |
Housewife |
|
34 |
Female |
65 |
Married |
Retired |
|
35 |
Female |
24 |
Not Married |
Employee |
|
36 |
Male |
28 |
Not Married |
Employee |
|
37 |
Male |
35 |
Married |
Entrepreneur |
|
38 |
Male |
36 |
Married |
Government employee |
|
39 |
Female |
36 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
40 |
Female |
46 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
41 |
Female |
62 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
42 |
Female |
25 |
Not Married |
Employee |
|
43 |
Female |
30 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
44 |
Female |
63 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
45 |
Male |
34 |
Married |
Desainer graphic |
|
46 |
Female |
32 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
47 |
Female |
5 |
Not Married |
Student |
|
48 |
Female |
1.5 |
Not Married |
Baby |
|
49 |
Male |
78 |
Married |
Army Retired |
|
50 |
Female |
56 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
51 |
Female |
56 |
Married |
Housewife |
|
52 |
Male |
33 |
Married |
Employee |
|
53 |
Female |
37 |
Married |
Employee |
|
54 |
Female |
7 |
Not Married |
Student |
|
55 |
Male |
3 |
Nor Married' |
Baby |
|
56 |
Female |
64 |
Married |
Housewife |
Demographic data of neighborhood 04/14 in Table-1
covering gender, age, marital status, job status shows that total respondents
are 56 consists of 26 males and 30 females. Most of the residents are married.
The average age of residents is 40.6 years and most of them working as
employees and entrepreneurs.
Figure
1
Gender Data of Neighborhood Unit
The gender data in Figure-1 shows neighbourhood
unit 04/014 resident consists of 54% female and 46% male, which is including
children and babies.
Figure 2 Age
Data of Neighborhood Unit (04/014)
The age data of the neighborhood
04/014 residents in Figure-2 shows the age of the residents. Most of the
residents are aged between 20-40 years and some at age of more than 45.
Figure 3
Covid-19 Symptoms Data of Neighborhood Unit
More than 60% of the people who participated in the
online survey claimed that they did not experience symptoms that indicate
contracting Covid-19 such as fever, dry cough, tiredness, shortness of breath,
muscle aches, sore throat, headache, chest pain. However, they still have to
monitor the residents who experience symptoms, even though less than 5%
Figure 4
Chronic Diseases Data of Neighborhood Unit
The chronic diseases data of Figure-4 shows that
neighborhood residents are generally in healthy conditions. Some residents have
chronic congenital diseases such as hypertension, high blood pressure disease,
diabetes disease, heart disease, acute ulcer disease. A small percentage of
young women are pregnant.
Methods
of research using survey methods with respondents determined by purposive and
simple random sampling. Data analysis using descriptive statistics, which
summarize data from a sample using indexes such as the mean or standard
deviation.
Discussion
The
demographic data of the neighborhood unit residents 04/014 totally 56 people
consists of 26 males and 30 females. Most residents are married. The average of
citizens is 40.6 years and most work as employees and entrepreneurs. Gender
data shows neighborhood residents 04/014 consist of 30 female or 54%, and 26
male or 46%. Data distribution of neighborhood residents who have filled out
the questionnaire seen from age is a little between the ages of 1-10 years. The
young age between 20-30 years and 30-40 years is quite dominating. Age between
40-50 years is also quite a lot. Ages between 50 - 60 years also dominate.
Overall age distribution of residents was quite evenly distributed. Data of
Covid-19 symptoms shows that more than 60% of the people who participated in
the survey stated that they did not experience symptoms that indicate
contracting Covid-19. However, they still have to monitor residents who
experience symptoms, even though less than 5%. Citizens are generally healthy.
Need to be aware of the many who suffer from hypertension. This condition is
most likely because it is influenced by residents in the age range 50 to 60
years. There is a small percentage who suffer from acute heart diseases and
acute ulcer disease. There are residents who experience diabetes mellitus. At
the moment there are quite a lot of residents are pregnant, it is certain that
this is influenced by some young family members. Work from Home policy is very
beneficial for residents, because in general residents are compliant at home.
Forcing residents to go out because of the need for treatment to visit health
facilities. The rest of the residents go to supermarkets / minimarkets, or
pharmacies. For the inevitable interest, residents continue to travel outside
the house, which generally uses a private 4-wheeled vehicle. In general
residents do not travel. Nevertheless, there are still residents who for some
reasons leave their home using public transportation such as online taxi, or
walking.
In the
critical situation of the Covid-19 outbreak we are better off solidarity and
mutual cooperation against Covid-19 by following established health protocols.
Residents continuously monitor the suspected people in the environment and make
donations in the form of food ingredients. Residents must work hand in hand to
help protect themselves, protect their homes, and the environment through
compliance with health protocols such as hands, wear masks, keep a distance, do
not leave the house unless there is an urgent need. If there are symptoms of
illness, then immediately go to the hospital (Puskesmas) for a rapid test and /
or swab test. The data collection of residents who are 40 years old and over
who have congenital diseases such as asthma, heart disease, diabetes,
hypertension and other chronic diseases need to be collected. Monitoring family
members at home through body temperature tests, if there is suspicion and found
immediate coordination with neighborhood unit head to be helped brought to
hospital. To support the health of residents, the head of the neighborhood unit
prepares medicines for residents such as vitamin C 50 mg and disinfectant. Neighborhood unit initiated to protect vulnerable citizens from COVID-19 transmission. Neighborhood unit collect and collate data on the most vulnerable citizens in their
respective neighbourhood, particularly people aged 60 and above as well as people suffering from
hypertension, heart diseases, diabetes, lung diseases and cancer, according to
the document. So far, neighborhood unit leaders had acted on their own initiative to limit the movement of people in
their respective communities, such as by closing off neighborhood entryways and monitoring
traffic in and out of their areas, closing the mosque for the crowd worship
CONCLUSION
Social distancing or large scale
social restrictions have a great impact and effective to control the spread of
Covid-19 in the neighborhood in South Tangerang City. The neighborhood social
solidarity play an important role to prevent and control the corona viruses or
Covid-19. Solidarity in the form of mutual cooperation (gotong royong) has been
demonstrated by the discipline of staying at home, cleaning the house and the
environment, helping other residents who need logistics, providing data and
information on the latest developments in the community health map. Residence
also adhere to compliance protocols such as keeping a distance, washing hands
with soap, using masks, maintaining cleanliness of the house and the
environment with disinfectants. Residents who suffer from chronic diseases are
of particular concern and are always monitored for their health development.
All neighborhood residents are
recommended to comply with physical distancing or large scale social
restrictions, such as being prohibited from being close to people or setting a
minimum distance of 1-2 meters, staying at home, avoiding public transportation,
working, worshiping and learning from home. Neighborhood residents have to: 1)
Avoid mass gathering or crowding, 2) Avoid traveling out of town or overseas,
3) Assist urban village apparatus in conducting Covid-19 prevention efforts, 4)
Mutual reminded fellow citizens to maintain environmental hygiene and security,
4) Assist in fulfilling logistics for residents who undergo isolation in homes
and elderly who do not have families, 5) Do not accept guests and families from
outside the area and or immediately report to neighborhood unit head.
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Copyright Holders:
Adie Erar Yusuf,
Ahmad Junaedi Abas (2023)
First publication
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Devotion - Journal
of Research and Community Service
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