KEYWORDS Industry, multy-storey buildings,
occupational safety |
ABSTRACT The rapid
development of the construction industry in addition to providing benefits
also poses considerable risks, where this industry can be said to be
vulnerable to work accidents (Ervianto, 2005). Occupational accidents in
construction projects will be detrimental to the workforce, an unsafe and
unhealthy work environment will also impact on the disruption of the
workforce's performance. Based on the results and discussion of the
researcher, namely the analysis of multi-storey buildings and work safety in
the perspective of environmental law in the Kotamobagu City Library Building,
the researcher sees in general that the construction of the Kotamobagu
Library multi-storey building, both theoretically and the construction of the
building has complied with the rules in the laws and regulations invitation
contained in Law Number 28 of 2002 concerning Buildings. The Kotamobagu City Library Building
also in its work has implemented the Occupational Safety and Health Management
System in the Kotamobagu City Library Building Project very well. This can be
seen by the K3 management procedures and K3 laws and regulations issued by
the government and also by companies. The application of legal aspects to
Occupational Safety and Health affects both the company and the workforce
because if the company or workforce ignores OSH in carrying out their work
they will be given legal sanctions because both the company and the workforce
are legally bound. For example, if workers are working at heights and do not
use seat belts, the safety officer can give sanctions to these workers
according to the rules made by the company. Implementing K3 in accordance
with statutory regulations can indirectly prevent the company from occurring
accidents and occupational diseases as well as work violations. And also work
can be carried out safely and efficiently. The
researcher also draws the conclusion that the construction of a multi-storey
building, Kotamobagu City Library Office built by the Kotamobagu Regional
Government is in accordance with laws and regulations regarding environmental
aspects. PP No. 27 of 1999 concerning Amdal. Law No. 22 of 2021 concerning
Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management. PP No. 27 of 2012
concerning Environmental Permits and several other regulations which are not
mentioned in the results of this study but are a source of reading for
researchers. Apart from that, the Kotamobagu City Library Office Multi-storey
Building has also met the green spatial requirements in urban areas. |
INTRODUCTION
Multi-storey
buildings are buildings that have more than one land vertically. This
multi-storey building was built based on limited land or land area which is so
expensive, especially in urban areas and the high level of demand for space for
various activities (Rahajeng, 2019). Multi-storey
buildings can be classified from 2 things, the first is low-rise (low rise
building) having 3 to 4 layers of floors or with a height of approximately 10
meters (Idham, 2013). The second
high-rise building or high-rise building has more than 4 floors and a height of
more than 10 meters. As previously stated, this high-rise building is used for
various purposes, one of which is as an office, business interest and the
building is used in the form of residential, apartments, hotels, to office
buildings (Ismatullah, 2019). In general,
multi-storey buildings are only located in big cities where the population is
large and wide, while the land is getting smaller, so that in order to get more
benefits from these buildings, the land owner uses multi-storey buildings as a
means of building (Joga, 2013).
However,
on the other hand, constructing a building does not necessarily follow the
wishes of the owner, but must follow or refer to existing regulations in
constructing a building (environmental aspects, Environmental Impact
Assessment, Environmental Impact Analysis and environmental spatial planning in
an area) (Asroni, 2010). Law No. 28 of
2002 concerning Buildings explains that in constructing buildings refers to the
appearance of the building, interior layout, balance, and harmony of the
building with its environment as referred to in paragraph (1), paragraph (2),
paragraph (3), and paragraph (4) further regulated by Government Regulation (Jellin & Suwondo, 2019). Government
Regulation No. 16 of 2021 concerning implementing regulations for law No. 28 of
2002 concerning buildings explaining functions, requirements, implementation,
community roles, and coaching (Symbolon, 2021). The building
regulations described in Law 28 of 2002 concerning Buildings have the objective
of realizing buildings that are functional and in accordance with building
layouts that are harmonious and in harmony with their environment; realizing
orderly building management that guarantees technical reliability of buildings
in terms of safety, health, convenience, and convenience; realizing legal
certainty in the management of buildings.
The
definition of a building in Law 28 of 2002 concerning Buildings is a physical
form of the result of construction work that is integrated with its location,
part or all of which is above and/or in the land and/or water, which functions
as a place for humans to carry out their activities, both for residence or
residence, religious activities, business activities, social activities,
culture, or special activities (Simanjuntak, 2013).
Based on
the sound of Article 24 point 1 of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job
Creation (“Job Creation Law”) which amended Article 1 number 1 of Law Number 28
of 2002 concerning Buildings (“Building Law”): Buildings are physical form of
the results of construction work that is integrated with the place of domicile,
partially or wholly located on and/or in the land and/or water, which functions
as a place for humans to carry out their activities, whether for housing or
residence, religious activities, business activities, activities social,
cultural, and special activities.
Previously,
the Law on Buildings and Government Regulation Number 36 of 2005 concerning
Regulations for the Implementation of Law Number 28 of 2002 concerning
Buildings (“PP 36/2005”) did require an IMB for everyone who would construct a
building.
Construction
work is very vulnerable to accidents. So it is impossible to say that in a
construction project there will be no work accidents (Anizar, 2009). Developments
carried out with high-level technology or with simple technology certainly have
risks that can cause work accidents. Occupational accidents and occupational
diseases caused by workers must be prevented, even if they can be completely eliminated.
In overcoming these problems, the government has issued laws and various
regulations concerning occupational safety and health (K3) (Santoso, 2004). But all
government efforts will not succeed without a response from companies engaged
in construction. To prevent this, a response from the company is also needed to
overcome problems that occur in a project by providing sanctions to workers who
violate regulations or deliberately ignore procedures in carrying out
Occupational Safety and Health (K3) which can cause work accidents.
Implementing
occupational safety and health (K3) management is very important. Because it
aims to provide a good, comfortable and safe environment and working conditions
and can avoid accidents and occupational diseases (Tagueha et al., 2018). With the existence of laws and regulations issued by the government,
the legal basis for occupational safety and health in construction projects is
complete.
The purpose
of this research is; (1) examine and analyze academically whether the
multi-storey building of the Kotamobagu Library Office is in accordance with
technological developments, (2) examine and analyze academically, about work
safety in the Kotamobagu Library Multi-storey Building Construction, and (3)
examine and analyze the relationship between multi-storey buildings and work
safety based on environmental law studies in the Kotamobagu Library
Multi-Storied Building Development.
RESEARCH METHOD
In this study, researchers used the method through
library research by examining good sources from articles, journals, books,
references related to the title (Creswell & Creswell, 2017). The data sources derived from primary data and
secondary data are then analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method, namely
the researcher explains, describes and describes according to the problems
above.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
From the
results of field research, researchers generally see that the construction of
the Kotamobagu Library multi-storey building, both theoretically and in
construction, has complied with the provisions of the laws and regulations
contained in Law Number 28 of 2002 concerning Buildings.
This
library building has become one of the icons in Kotamobagu City, apart from the
modern interior design of the building, the construction of this building has
used light steel construction which has a better level of building security and
has a very long durability. Because the terms of the building are said to be
good, it must have several very important components so that it can be said
that the building is good and suitable for habitation.
This is a
general guideline when it comes to creating or constructing a property,
including the Kotamobagu City Library Building. Of course these conditions are
adjusted to the function of the building being built. Besides, infrastructure
comply with all existing regulations in terms of safety and security must be
upheld.
The researcher also looked at the aspect of building safety requirements, where in the process of building the Kotamobagu City Library Building comply with safety requirements for the duration or age of the building is planned. If there are things related to safety and the duration is very short, of course this is related to problems during construction. Therefore, fulfilling safety requirements is one of the things that must be done by the service contractor or worker executor. Taking into account the presence of an earthquake, there is a high probability of a natural disaster. A good building must take into account natural disasters such as earthquakes so that the structure of the building has been adjusted (Habibie, 2012). This is one of the conditions for a building to be said to be valid, because the more details the structure of the building is planned, the more certain it will be and also the surer how much load it can support. The Kotamobagu City Library Building has fulfilled the above elements, based on the results of research by researchers.
Occupational Safety and Health in the Kotamobagu City
Library Building is very important for my research. Currently, the number of
workers in the Kotamobagu Library Building construction project is 50 people.
This has complied with Permenaker No. 05/MEN/1996 article 3 paragraph 1 which
states that "Every company that employs a workforce of one hundred people
or more and or contains potential hazards caused by the characteristics of the
process or production materials which can result in work accidents such as
explosions, fires, pollution and disease due to work must apply the
Occupational Safety and Health Management System” (Sari, 2013).
The Occupational Safety and Health Management System
(SMK3) in the Kotamobagu City Library Building construction project is
structured into one unit with a quality management system and environmental
management. In planning, all standards and guidelines for the system are
compiled in the Procedures for Quality, Occupational Health and Safety and the
Environment. The Occupational Quality, Safety and Health Procedure is an
integration of the fulfilment of the Quality Management System (ISO 9001:2008),
Occupational Safety and Health (OHSAS 18001:2007) and Environmental Management
(ISO 14001:2004) as outlined in procedures that can be used to view, inspect,
reviewing, assessing, measuring effectiveness, knowing the obedience or
compliance of officers during the project implementation process. SMK3L is made
based on customer requirements (contracts) (Pelealu et al., 2015).
The procedures and requirements used during the
execution of the work will be reviewed regularly to ensure the policies and
procedures contained therein meet contractual requirements, legal regulations
and other requirements to achieve continuous improvement.
The purpose of making this RMK3L is to ensure that all
projects before implementation have been completed with a Project Quality,
Safety and Health and Environment Plan which aims to ensure that projects will
be implemented to consider quality, K3 and Environmental factors to meet
customer requirements, legal requirements and other requirements. The scope
includes the implementation of the management system in the company including
all requirements imposed by ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 and OHSAS 18001:2007
starting from the implementation preparation process to handover. OHSAS
18001:2007 has the same components as SMK3 which are regulated in the
Regulation of the Minister of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia Number:
PER.05/MEN/1996. These components include commitment and policies, planning,
The researcher also draws the conclusion that the construction of a multi-storey building, Kotamobagu City Library Office built by the Kotamobagu Regional Government is in accordance with laws and regulations regarding environmental aspects. PP No 27 of 1999 concerning Amdal. Law No. 22 of 2021 concerning Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management. PP No. 27 of 2012 concerning Environmental Permits and several other regulations which are not mentioned in the results of this study but are a source of reading for researchers. Apart from that, the Kotamobagu City Library Office Multi-storey Building has also met the green spatial requirements in urban areas.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results and discussion of the researcher,
namely the analysis of multi-storey buildings and work safety in the
perspective of environmental law in the Kotamobagu City Library Building, the
researcher sees in general that the construction of the Kotamobagu Library
multi-storey building, both theoretically and the construction of the building
has complied with the rules in the laws and regulations the invitation
contained inLaw Number 28 of 2002 concerning Buildings.
The Kotamobagu City Library Building also in its work
has implemented the Occupational Safety and Health Management System in the
Kotamobagu City Library Building Project very well. This can be seen by the K3
management procedures and K3 laws and regulations issued by the government and
also by companies. The application of legal aspects to Occupational Safety and
Health affects both the company and the workforce because if the company or
workforce ignores OSH in carrying out their work they will be given legal
sanctions because both the company and the workforce are legally bound. For
example, if workers are working at heights and do not use seat belts, the
safety officer can give sanctions to these workers according to the rules made
by the company. Implementing K3 in accordance with statutory regulations can
indirectly prevent accidents and occupational diseases and work violations. And
also work can be carried out safely and efficiently.
The researcher also draws the
conclusion that the construction of a multi-storey building, Kotamobagu City
Library Office built by the Kotamobagu Regional Government is in accordance
with laws and regulations regarding environmental aspects. PP No. 27 of 1999
concerning Amdal. Law No. 22 of 2021 concerning Implementation of Environmental
Protection and Management. PP No. 27 of 2012 concerning Environmental Permits
and several other regulations which are not mentioned in the results of this
study but are a source of reading for researchers. Apart from that, the
Kotamobagu City Library Office Multi-storey Building has also met the green
spatial requirements in urban areas.
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Copyright holders:
Nasir Katong, Sintya Paula
Junaedy, Deby Christiani Sendow, Ahmad Yani Abas (2023)
First publication right:
Devotion - Journal of Research and Community
Service
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