STREETSCAPE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE COASTAL AREA

The city corridor is a strategic area with its own aesthetic and functional value. In connection with the city's beauty, streetscape is one of the determining aspects in terms of architecture and spatial planning. The existence of streetscape tends to be overlooked, resulting in the area lacking identity. The presence of streetscape with character can provide a strong identity for the area, especially when the corridor in question has strategic value in terms of function and location. Proximity to the coastal area is indeed one of the advantages, although currently, it is still hidden, especially architecturally. This research aims to analyze streetscape elements with a coastal area approach. The research location is in the corridor of Piere Tendean Street, Manado, divided into 3 segments. The observed units include pedestrians, street furniture, activities, and buildings on the roadside. The conclusion is obtained that there are soft elements, hard elements, mobile elements, and natural elements. Elements closely related to the coastal area are mobile elements, such as activities enjoying the beauty of the beach equipped with breakwaters, activities in pedestrian and park locations, as well as fishing activities conducted in the empty space where the river meets the beach.


INTRODUCTION
One of the advantages of the Piere Tendean Street corridor is its location in the waterfront city area.This corridor is situated in the city's central business district.As a central business district, this area has experienced rapid development in terms of economy, city architecture, and spatial aspects.Trade-related buildings, including hotel structures, adorn this area.In addition to commercial functions, religious buildings such as churches and mosques are also present along this corridor, accompanied by a row of residential bubbles that bring a unique character to the city corridor.The natural uniqueness, seen as the potential of the area, lies in the presence of coastal areas that are directly accessible to the public.On the west side, this corridor directly borders Manado Bay.Views towards the beach can be freely accessed by the public, although in some parts obstructed by rows of commercial buildings serving as the main function in the corridor.Various urban activities can be found in this corridor, such as transportation routes facilitating people's movement from one place to another.Accumulations of activities can be observed at specific times, such as on weekends or Saturday mornings, with sports activities mainly around the Mega Mall area or the coastal area.Fishing activities along the coastal area further add complexity to the range of activities.A corridor area or road corridor region is known for its distinctive characteristics possessed by all its forming elements, thus visually creating a unique attraction and scenery.The visual formation of urban streetscape is expected to narrate the character and image of the city, ranging from its historical story to the urban lifestyle reflected in the facilities and activities visible in the streetscape (Anugrah, Rompas, Arthur H. Thambas 2015).Streetscape encompasses buildings, road surfaces, as well as equipment and accessories that facilitate its use, such as bus stops and signage for planting schemes (Rehan, 2013).As a coastal area, it certainly requires special attention to security and safety aspects.The uniqueness of each corridor can assist people in orienting themselves when in a particular area (Rizqiyah, 2016).The streetscape along the Piere Tendean Street corridor as a coastal area has not yet fully showcased the identity of the coastal area to its maximum potential.Research related to streetscape in the Piere Tendean Street corridor as a coastal area needs to be conducted, with the aim of identifying streetscape elements that can enhance the role of this corridor as a thoroughfare in the coastal area.

RESEARCH METHOD
This research employs a descriptive qualitative research method.This method is utilized to identify the streetscape of the Piere Tendean Street corridor as a thoroughfare that has a direct connection and access to the coastal area, allowing for in-depth description.Therefore, a Grounded Research approach is implemented.This approach is chosen to formulate the phenomena present in the streetscape of the Piere Tendean corridor.Data collection techniques in the study involve in-depth observation at various levels of the streetscape in the Piere Tendean corridor.As part of a methodological collaboration, literature review studies on books and journals related to corridor and streetscape areas are conducted to enhance the sharpness of the analysis.The research is located in the Piere Tendean Street corridor.In the initial stage, pre-observation is conducted as the first step to observe existing phenomena.Subsequently, observations are carried out to gather physical data such as: types of buildings and their functions, documentation related to environmental conditions at the research location, and the condition of the coastal area.The next stage involves data collection related to general activities at the research location, as well as activities related to the coastal area.The research location is depicted in Figure 1.

Manado bay
To facilitate analysis, this corridor is divided into three segments: the first segment spans from the Wolter Mongisidi statue to the Boulevard Bridge, the second segment extends from the Boulevard Bridge to the front of the IT Centre, and the third segment goes from the IT Centre to the Sulut-Go Bank intersection.Both of these segments describe the existing conditions, both physically and spatially.This research utilizes a phenomenological approach with a qualitative inductive method.Phenomenology is an approach that emphasizes the meaning behind a particular phenomenon, aiming to perceive and understand the meaning of an experience based on the informant's experience (Denzin & Lincoln, 2009).The unit of analysis includes the physical conditions such as the atmosphere of the Piere Tendean Street corridor, pedestrian activities, and other activities.In detail, the segmentation division can be seen in Figure 2. Manado bay Fig

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Architectural Character
Urban areas are always dynamic, with some regions developing more rapidly than others (Utomo & Mutia, 2018).The properties in the research location play a crucial role in shaping the visual aspect of the area.This is a response to the existence of Piere Tendean Street as the main business corridor in the city of Manado.The linear corridor follows the coastline pattern, providing beautiful seaside viewpoints.An analysis of the corridor's characteristics depicts a monotonous architectural element, characterized by symmetrical building forms, as an implementation of commercial structures.Amidst the monotonous building shapes, there are some contrasting forms due to their functions extending beyond those of commercial buildings.

Building typologi
There are natural spots formed as open spaces that blend with the coastal area.This space is an open area with a free and unobstructed view that can be enjoyed by the public.The variety of functions of buildings along Piere Tendean Street corridor (Boulevard) brings several architectural characteristics in its context.Different types of buildings, based on their functional typologies, contribute distinct architectural characteristics.Besides business buildings and mall areas, there are several typologies of buildings, including religious buildings (Ruth Church and Mosque), hotel functions such as Quality, Ibis, and Wish hotels, park functions like God bless Park, and pedestrian areas.Various building typologies bring their own colors to the corridor.These buildings are scattered along the Piere Tendean Street corridor and contribute to its architectural diversity.Contrast occurs not only in terms of function but also in the physical/appearance of the buildings.The contrast in shapes is evident, especially in the roofs, particularly for religious buildings like churches and mosques.Specifically, for God bless Park, consistent with its function as a park, this area is dominated by open spaces with a praying hand sculpture, representing one of the identities of the religious community in the city of Manado.

Streetscape Characteristics
The characteristics of streetscape are influenced by physical elements and activities.Both aspects contribute to shaping the streetscape's characteristics.Elements that play a role in shaping streetscape character include road geometry, consisting of dimensions and configurations of road sections, the proportion of road width to street wall height, road shape (alignment), building character, and vegetation along the road forming the road barrier or streetwall (Kogarah City Council, 2006;Carmona, 2007).Meanwhile, activities encompass vehicle traffic and pedestrian activities, as well as building functions that indicate activities inside the building and interactions with activities outside the building (Mansouri & Matsumoto, 2009).The merging of functions is characterized by the presence of physical elements categorized into two types: fix and non-fix elements (Egam et al., 2023).http://devotion.greenvest.co.id 199 Based on the segmentation above, there are several distinct physical characteristics categorized by the visual aspects of the area, as follows: Table1.Characteristics based on area segmentation

Visual Characteristics
1 Segment 1 has strong characteristics as a business function area.There are several buildings with functions other than commercial, such as hotel functions like Quality Hotel and park functions.
Although there are buildings with various functions, the overall impression of the area is strongly influenced by the mall function (Manado Town Square).This is because the reach and extent of this area are dominant in terms of business function, as other mall buildings in the research location as a whole.

2
In Segment 2, there is a decrease in the dominance of function.The presence of a row of settlements adds a unique touch to the area.Although Mega Mall is located in this segment, visually, its impression is not overwhelmingly dominant due to the presence of other functions such as settlements and two gas stations (SPBU).These functions contrast significantly with the business-commercial functions of other shops in the area.
3 Segment 3 is not dominated by a single mall building function because, in terms of ownership area, there is no one area that dominates like in Segment 1 (Mantos area) and Segment 2 (Mega Mall area).The dominance of commercial building functions is very strong, so the visual impression of the shopping complex is very strong, even though the Aryaduta Hotel is present at the location bordering Segment 2. This creates a contrasting impression in that segment.

Coastal View
In accordance with the location characteristics, the Piere Tendean Street corridor has direct access to the coastal area.Therefore, the analysis of location characteristics is inseparable from the approach of the location as a coastal area that has its own potential for physical development.In the research location, there are several open spaces that have direct access to the coastal area.These open spaces naturally provide positive energy to the area, as the location can interact directly with the coastal area, as shown in Figure 5.
Physically, this condition creates visual gradation both vertically and horizontally along the Piere Tendean Street corridor.This visual variation plays a strong role in the aesthetics of the area because there is a blend of land and water that can be visually captured without being obstructed by buildings.It also provides another space and opportunity for the community to enjoy the beach panorama, attracting and encouraging people to appreciate nature to the fullest.Open spaces with direct access to the beach can be maximally utilized both technically (for the continuity of the coastal atmosphere and existence) and aesthetically and communally, with several utilitarian values, including optimizing the area's identity, optimizing the architectural visual appeal of the area, optimizing communal space, optimizing interaction space, and driving the development of the area.

Streetscape Elements
Functionally, there are two strong characteristics in the corridor at the research location.This is due to the presence of residential areas integrated with trade and service areas.A group of residential buildings appears in a linear pattern parallel to Piere Tendean Street, especially in Segment 2. Along the corridor in Segments 1-3, there are facilities such as sidewalks, pedestrians, varied street furniture, various vegetation, diverse building functions, zebra crossings, activities on sidewalks and pedestrians, materials especially sidewalk and pedestrian coverings, and the coastal area.These facilities essentially constitute elements of streetscape.Depending on the existence of streetscape elements, they will provide different visual impressions, especially those resulting from differences in shape and size, and the architectural style of buildings according to their respective functions.Based on the types of elements present, streetscape elements are divided into several categories: soft elements, hard elements, mobile elements, and natural elements.The categorization of element types is shown in Table 2.  Having facilities Less activities The coastal public open space, considered a natural potential, becomes a crucial element in urban space, with expectations for it to evolve into a landmark or a community orientation (PP et al., 2015).The planning and development of streetscape architectural designs have become a necessity to implement green and environmentally friendly sustainable development (Prabarini, 2023).Urban streetscape plays a vital role in the development of urban life (Crankshaw, 2012).This is in line with the conditions in the research location because streetscape elements, especially pedestrians, provide space for community interaction.All these elements aim to provide benefits to the community in terms of health, social interaction, economic aspects, property value, and the environment (Kapiti Coast District Council, 2008).Soft elements, hard elements, mobile elements, and natural elements are inherently interconnected and essential, forming a unified whole that not only contributes to visual unity but also spatially supports community activities.

Table 2 .
Categorization of streetscape elements