The Effect of Various Active Ingredients of Fungicides Against Anthracnose Disease (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) in Chili Plants (Capsicum annuum L.)

Abstract

The numerous benefits and uses of chilies have led to a constant increase in demand
as the population of Indonesia grows. Anthracnose is a disease that often affects
chili peppers and is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Farmers
typically use fungicides to control anthracnose. Common active ingredients applied
for anthracnose control include Mancozeb, Chlorothalonil, Propineb, and copper
hydroxide. The research was conducted in the village of Ambit, Waled District,
Cirebon Regency, West Java Province. The study took place over three months,
from July to September 2023. The research method used a Randomized Group
Design (RGD) consisting of five treatments with different active fungicide
ingredients and a control (without treatment), repeated five times, resulting in 25
experimental plots. The treatments were A (Copper hydroxide active ingredient), B
(Mancozeb active ingredient), C (Chlorothalonil active ingredient), D (Propineb
active ingredient), E (Control /no fungicide). The fungicide concentration used was
2 ml/liter. The experimental results showed that the various active fungicide
treatments had a significant effect on the intensity of anthracnose disease
(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) and other diseases like gemini virus. The
Chlorothalonil active ingredient showed the lowest intensity of disease anthracnose
when compared to the other treatments, even with other active ingredients that were
tested. Fungicide treatments had a significant impact on chili yields per plot
compared to the control treatment without fungicide. The Chlorothalonil active
ingredient treatment yielded higher chili harvest results compared to other
treatments, reaching 15.97 kg/plot or 15.97 tons/ha.